Safety device for wing type turbines, pumps and similar pieces of apparatus with movable vanes



Oct. 25, 1932.

Filed Feb. 9,

C. SCHMITTHENNER SAFETY DEVICE FOR WING TYPE TURBIN PIECES OF APPARATUSWIT ES, PUMPS, AND

OVABLE VANES 1 SIMILAR Patented Oct. 25, 1932 1,334,331.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CARLOS SCHMITTHENNER, OFHEIDENHEIM-ON-THE-ZBRENZ, GERMANY SAFETY DEVICE FOR WING TYPE TURBINES,PUMPS AND SIMILAR PIECES OF APPARATUS WITH MOVABLE 'VANES Applicationfiled. February 9, 1931, Serial No. 514,380, and in Germany February 20,1930.

The following invention consists of a safedue to the effect of thepressure operating ty device for wing type turbines, pumps, and on theincoming side. For this purpose in similar pieces of apparatus withmovable the annular clearance between the vane vanes, and is concernedwith the prevention of flanges and the runner hub there are arrangedentry of Water into the runner head. ring grooves in which pressureequalizing 55 In wing type turbines, pumps, and similar can take placearound the flanges. This apparatus with movable vanes the runnerequalizing of pressure can also with advanhead is filled with oil. Inorder to prevent tage be improved when the clearance between the entryinto the oil space in the hub of water the vane flanges and the runnerhub is made which flows past, and which is also under narrower on theintake side, and broadens on 60 pressure, packing devices are insertedat the dlscharge side. the flanges of the runner blades. Should the Inthe drawing is shewn schematically an water pressure on the outside benoticeably example of the arrangement of the device, higher than that ofthe oil on the inside, then and Figure l is an axial section through theit is impossible to prevent even the best packrunner trunnions in therunner hub, while 5 ing devices from gradually allowing water Figure 215an end V1eW ofarunner vane. In to enter the oil. This entry of water isexthe beanng of the runner head 1, are fitted ceptionally serious, sincethe trunnions and pins 2, belonging to the runner blade 3, these linksof the governing mechanism for the pins being placed in double bearingsand arrunner blades would soon fail due to poor ranged to turn. Theinterior space 4, be- 70 l b i ti tween the bearings is filled with oilfor lu- The following invention is designed to bricating all trunnionsand links. Between overcome this disadvanta e. In my comflange 5 of theblade 3 and the runner head panion patent application erial No. 514,379,1 is inserted packing 6.

filed February 9, 1931, means were given to The exterior circumferenceof the runner 75 increase the pressure of oil, whereas here it flange 5moves with a verysmall clearance is proposed to conduct the water whichenters on a suitable boss on the runner head 1., so at the high pressureside of the head in the that the water can only pass through anarclearance between the blade and head, to the row clearance 7.Clearance 7, which in the low pressure side of the head to escape upperpart of the runner blade is very nar- 50 through an enlarged clearancebetween the row, and at the lower part is noticeably inblade and head.By the high pressure side, creased, is broken by a circular groove 8.

I of course mean the incoming side of the The operation of the device isas follows operating water under pressure from the During service withturbines, pumps, or simiwaterhead as received by the blade, while by larpieces of apparatus, due to the high pres- 35 the lower pressure side, Imean the discharge sure on the approach side of the runner blade, sideof the blade where the operating water there is a certain amount ofwater passed after'doing its work is delivered into the throughclearance 7 into annular space 8, tailwater in the partial vacuum of theusual and flows thence to the lower side. Since 40 draft-tube. Duringservice with wing type now however, on the discharge side there isturbines, pumps and similar pieces of appaconsiderably less pressure,and in certain ratus, there is on the side on which the opcases there iseven a vacuum existing,-and crating water reaches the runner blades aceralso due to the fact that the ring clearance tain pressure whichdepends on the height 7 is considerably wider, there is ample op- 45 ofthe head water level, whereas on that side portunity for discharge intothe tail race of from which the operating water discharges the waterthat has entered annular channel 8. there is a certain low pressure,which de- ,B'y suitably dimensioning the annular pends on the positionof the tail water level. space and making the increase on the dis- Thisfact is used to prevent the entry of charge side of ample proportions,it can be 1 water into the oil space in the runner head,- so arrangedthat only a small pressure exists throughout the whole of the annularspace.

So small a pressure in fact, that the entry of water'into the oil filledrunner head is made impossible. The exact form of the water dischargegrooves need not here be considered, and it is also immaterial whetherone or more grooves are arranged one behind the other. Depending on thespace available, these grooves can either only be inserted in the runnerhead boring or only in the blade flange, or even in both parts of theequipment. It is a matter of indifference whetherthe clearance iscylindrical or conical.

I claim:

1. In a blade type turbine, a vertical axis runner head having a bearingand a seat,-

a blade having a pin and a flange fitting respectively in said bearingand seat for rotary adjustment of the blade, means for preventingoutside water from entering the bearing, comprising an annular drainchannel in the joint between the seat and flange,

adapted to receive the water entering the joint at the high pressureside of the head and to conduct the received water to the low pressureside of the head, and a water outlet to the outside of the head,extending from said drain channel at the low pressure side of the head.

2. A blade type turbine comprising, with a vertical axis runner headhaving a hearing and a seat therein, and a blade having a pin and aflange fitting respectively in said bearing and seat, means forpreventing outside water from entering the bearing through the jointbetween the seat and flange,

comprising an annular drain channel cut in part in the seat and in partin the flange to receive the water entering the joint at the highpressure side of the head, said channel adapted to convey the receivedwater to the low pressure side of the head, arid a water outlet to theoutside of the head, extending from said drain channel at the lowpressure side of the head. I i

3. In a blade type turbine, a vertical axis runner head having a bearingand a seat, a blade having a pin and a flange fitting respectively insaid bearing and seat for rotary adjustment of the blade, the jointclearance between the seat and flange at the high pressure side of thehead being relatively small while that at the low pressure side thereofis relatively large to provide a water outlet, and a drain channelfollowing the joint between the seat and flange, extending from therelatively small joint clearance to the relatively large jointclearance,

-whereby water entering the high pressure side of the head will beconducted for discharge at the low pressure side thereof.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

CARLOS SCHMITTHENN ER.

